Indonesia is ranked 2nd in the world for manta ray tourism, with an estimated value of USD $15 million per year. Manta ray protection within Indonesia came largely in response to the growth of the manta ray tourism industry. The data for this 5-year long study was obtained from citizen scientists and trained observers submitting ID photos to the global manta ray database, 1,085 reef manta rays were identified from 3,941 sightings that occurred between 2013 – 2018 based on their unique ventral coloration patterns. The research was supported by the Australian Postgraduate Award & Murdoch International Top Up (EG), Dive Operators Community of Komodo, Ocean Park Conservation Foundation, Foundation FortUna, Mantahari Oceancare, Fish-Are-Friends, SeaMorgens, Arenui, R. Gede Hendrawan, Ande Kefi, Lars Bejder and Neil Loneragan,, PeerJ. Reference: “Residency, movement patterns, behavior and demographics of reef manta rays in Komodo National Park” by Elitza S. The study highlights that marine protected areas that are large enough to host important manta ray habitats are a beneficial tool for manta ray conservation. Limiting the number of tourism boats allowed at one time at all manta ray aggregation sites and making codes of conduct for diving and snorkeling with manta rays mandatory are proposed as ways to minimize the impact of tourism.ĭespite Indonesia’s history with intensive manta ray fisheries, Komodo National Park still retains large manta ray aggregations that with careful ongoing management and threat reduction will benefit regional manta ray populations. The authors of the study make additional recommendations for enhancing manta ray conservation within the Komodo National Park, which can also serve as guidelines for manta ray habitats elsewhere in the world. “I hope that this study will encourage tourism operators to understand the need for the regulations already imposed and increase compliance,” he adds. Ande Kefi, an employee of the Komodo National Park involved with this study. This means that the Komodo National Park should create measures to limit the disturbance at these sites,” said Mr. “This study shows that the places where tourists commonly observe manta rays are important for the animals to feed, clean, and mate. “This means that manta rays which prefer sites where fishing activities continue to occur or that are more popular with tourism will endure greater impacts” she adds. “I found it very interesting how some manta rays appear to prefer spending their time in some sites more than others, even when sites are 5 km (3 miles) apart, which are short distances for manta rays,” said Dr. The study’s results showed that some manta rays moved around the park and others as far as the Nusa Penida MPA, which lies more than 450 km (280 miles) to the west), but overall, manta rays showed individual preferences for specific sites within the Park. These models can predict the likelihood that manta rays are inhabiting or traveling in between specific sites. The photographs and accompanying time and location information is then used to construct sighting histories of individual manta rays, which can then be analyzed with statistical movement models. Although they are protected in international waters and by laws of certain countries, they travels often through unregulated waters and are still being fished all over the world.Komodo National Park manta cleaning. Overfishing has the real potential to wipe out large numbers of giant oceanic mantas due to the fact that they live so long and reproduce so little. Their size make them particularly susceptible to entanglement in fishing nets even when they are not voluntarily fished out. Their gills is still in high demand mostly by the traditional chinese medecine market. The Manta Trust and Marine Megafauna foundations are both working globally to research and protect the mobulae family and their habitats. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) declared manta rays as ’vulnerable’ in 2011. All of this combined make their reproduction quite slow! The mother will usually have two years elapse between pregnancies. Manta-mums usually carry only one pup, but 2 pups have already been recorded. They are born independent after a 12-13 months gestation period. Manta rays can live as long as 50 years and are ovoviviparous, which means that they start development in an egg and hatch within the mother's body.
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"Monster Mash" was released a few months after the smash hit “Mashed Potato Time,” which was then the song slash dance craze from Dee Dee Sharp. The concept for the song, as Love explains, clears up my first question. They thought it was a hysterical throwaway song at the time-certainly not something that would still be beloved half a century later. At the time, Love had been performing with The Blossoms and got the call to sing background on a new song. All of this leads me to the assumption that we've never actually heard or seen this "Monster Mash."ĭesperate for answers, I reached out music legend Darlene Love, who sang backing vocals on the 1962 original version of Pickett’s song. We know it's a graveyard smash, we know the zombies were having fun, we know at one point The Crypt-Kicker Five "played the mash"-but are bereft of any deeper details. Throughout his story, he never provides any clear description of either a dance or the song-leaving the actual concept of the "Monster Mash" pretty ambiguous. Nowhere does he confirm that the song we're hearing-that he's performing-is the same "Monster Mash" that he saw that fateful night. The narrator is simply describing the origin of this "Monster Mash" craze as he witnessed it. But what do we know about the "Monster Mash" itself? What does it mean? Is the "Monster Mash" a dance, a song, or both-like a "Macarena"-type thing? And, more importantly, is the song we’re hearing the actual "Monster Mash" the creatures were dancing to in the story, or just an interpretation of the original "Monster Mash" by the narrator? Have we ever heard the real "Monster Mash"? This is, made clear from the aforementioned backlash, a dearly beloved song. But the whole episode got us thinking about the deeper meaning of "Monster Mash." We have since issued a correction, and admitted that "Monster Mash" is, indeed, a graveyard smash. #24: “The Cha Cha Slide, Part 2” – Mr.Welcome to Overthinking It, a new Esquire series in which editors and writers dig into a very, very specific moment in pop culture-putting our dogged journalistic and critical skills to use in the most unnecessary of ways.Įarlier this year, Esquire got in a bit of a tiff with the Twitter mobs when we mistakenly left "Monster Mash" off our list of Best Halloween Songs.See also: Top 185 Wedding Songs | Top 10 Country Wedding Songs | Top 15 Country Music Covers | Top 50 Country Love Songs | Top 10 Saddest Country Songs | Top 10 Sexiest Country Songs | Top 15 Country Music Videos | 15 Songs About Saying Goodbye Here’s a list of the 20 best group line dance songs of all time, from the wobble to American country wedding classics. The lyrics explain it all, at least half the time. If you don’t know the moves, don’t worry about it. Whether it’s rap, Latin, country, or just sharp-cheddar cheesy classics, this list of line dancing tunes tunes is gauranteed to get the party going in the weirdest way possible. Fear not, Billboard Dance has got your back. You want popular line dance songs that everyone knows with dance moves that have been ingrained in our minds since we were six. You need music that can please crowds of all ages, that can get wallflowers out of their chairs and into the dance floor. So, you’ve got to DJ a wedding or bar/bat mitzvah. Plant your Little Zebra grass in the back center of a nice sized pot for a perfect backdrop for a mixed planter. (Dwarf Zebra Grass) Miscanthus ‘Little Zebra’ is a dwarf selection of zebra grass that is destined to become very popular. Forms a tight upright clump of graceful arching leaves on sturdy upright stems Blades feature horizontal bands of yellow and green Bloom Time: September. Easy care. The dwarf Zebra grass is low maintenance, disease and deer resistant, and salt, pollution, and drought tolerant.These tassel like blooms fade to tan in winter, but say upright adding exciting winter interest. Pro Tip: Prune back to about 6 inches in late winter or early spring to help prepare your Little Zebra grass for the explosion of new spring growth.Īdd vivid color, year-round interest, and tons of texture to your landscspe with the Little Zebra Miscanthus Grass. This dwarf maiden grass stands out with its striking variegated foliage and upright, but compact habit.Īlternating horizontal bands of vibrant green and yellow give this hardy grass a fantastic look. Though it looks like Zebrinus with its distinctive gold banding, this variety is shorter, more upright, and keeps its color all season. This grass compliments any plant and color so get creative! Plant your Little Zebra grass in the back center of a nice sized pot for a perfect backdrop for a mixed planter. The dwarf Zebra grass is low maintenance, disease and deer resistant, and salt, pollution, and drought tolerant. This compact grass adds brightness, contrast, and character to your landscape. The dwarf Zebra grass is low maintenance, disease and deer resistant, and salt, pollution, and drought tolerant. The Little Zebra Miscanthus stays put and fits in just about anywhere. Miscanthus sinensis LITTLE ZEBRA®ozdobnice ínská. Miscanthus sinensis Little Zebra is a dwarf selection of Miscanthus with stunning green foliage with creamy yellow banding. Good to know: Stand out bands of yellow make this grass pop. The Little Zebra Miscanthus stays put and fits in just about anywhere. You won't have to worry about an invasive spreading grass with this little clumping gem. This grass grows 3 to 4 feet tall and 2 to 3 feet wide at maturity. This dwarf maiden grass stands out with its striking variegated foliage and upright, but compact habit.Īlternating horizontal bands of vibrant green and yellow give this hardy grass a fantastic look. We aim to enrich everyone’s life through plants, and make the UK a greener and more beautiful place. Leaves: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics: Deciduous Leaf Color: Gold/Yellow Green Leaf Value To Gardener: Showy Leaf Type: Simple Leaf Shape: Linear Hairs Present: No Leaf Description: Leaf blades have horizontal bands of yellow.Add vivid color, year-round interest, and tons of texture to your landscspe with the Little Zebra Miscanthus Grass. The Royal Horticultural Society is the UK’s leading gardening charity.Flowers: Flower Color: Cream/Tan Gray/Silver Pink Red/Burgundy Flower Inflorescence: Panicle Flower Value To Gardener: Good Dried Showy Flower Bloom Time: Fall Summer Flower Description: Reddish-purple plumes are held about 1' above the foliage, changing to a creamy tan color in winter. Cultural Conditions: Light: Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours) Soil Texture: Clay Loam (Silt) Sand Soil pH: Acid (Whole Plant Traits: Plant Type: Ornamental Grasses and Sedges Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics: Deciduous Habit/Form: Arching Rounded Growth Rate: Medium Maintenance: Medium Texture: Fine.Plant in a fertile, moist but well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. Attributes: Genus: Miscanthus Species: sinensis Family: Poaceae Life Cycle: Perennial Recommended Propagation Strategy: Division Wildlife Value: Deer resistant Dimensions: Height: 3 ft. Miscanthus sinensis Little Zebra £10.00 Dwarf Zebra Grass Compact form of Miscanthus ‘Zebrinus’. The filesize of the latest version (available on this page) is 260 mb which must be downloaded into browser before playing. The File size - why Bullet Force loads so slowlyīullet Force has had very high file size compared to other games already since its release in 2016. Customization of game rooms - maximum number of allowed players, maximum ping to reduce lags, option to create public and private rooms….User voting for next month at the end of each game session.Customizable character - clothes, character.Wide collection of perks to select (faster run, shorter reloading time.).Many unique weapons with switchable extensions (lasers, sights…) allowing customization (camouflages).User accounts - all progress is saved on server.Single-player for training as well as multiplayer game mode for matches with real players.Progress game design - Play the game to unlock and earn coins for new equipment.It’s one of the best games in the browser.New updates making the game better are still coming.Option to individualize your character - make your soldier unforgettable.Unique custom made textures, maps and weapons with a focus to achieve great look with a low performance consumption - the game runs smoothly on all devices with i3 processor and above.Game mechanism inspired by popular AAA games.Interested enough? Check the history of Bullet Force. Since that time, Bullet Force is being managed by Blayze games - a gaming studio owned by Lucas’s family. Lucas went to his Church mission years ago (he should return back in 2020) and to keep the game available and updated for players, there was a need to earn money to hire a new developer who would carry out for the game. Of course, Bullet Force as it is today is already a commercial thing, actually it was necessary to keep it live. There was no business model behind the game in the beginning, just a goal to achieve something. Bullet Force is a product of a young boy Lucas Wild who just wanted to create a great game and did not fear to invest time and money to it. What makes the Bullet Force so cool and unique, it’s the way and passion with which it has been developed. It is not about the existence of unique maps, weapons, multiplayer mode and a bunch of other features, after all, they are also available in many other games. There are just a handful of unique great games - and we are not afraid to say that Bullet Force is one of them. Nearly identical maps, user environment, appearance, and even a game mechanism. You know it, one game is like another, still the same. Bullet Force has been operated by US based game studio Blayze Games. The game is available for free and playable on all main platforms. These companies may use information (not including your name, address, email address or telephone number) about your visits to this and other Web sites in order to provide advertisements about goods and services of interest to you.Bullet Force is a modern 3D first-person shooter game allowing playing in single-player and multiplayer mode. We use third-party advertising companies to serve ads when you visit our Web site. Can you survive on this online io game? Man, it is way harder than it looks. Meta: Slither.io is the game that literally a pit with snakes. Repeat this action till you become the longest snake in the server. After that loot the remaining pieces of the snake. Suddenly ambush this snake by turning into its head. For example, follow a bigger snake than you. How do you become the biggest snake on the server?Įven if this process seems hard, you can be the biggest snake if you take risks when needed. Because the game mechanic is not suitable to play the game cooperatively. There is no cooperation in Slither.io like the other online io games. Also, the official server has no support to play the game cooperatively. It is hard to come across on the same server. No, you can’t play Slither.io with your friends. So, be sure that you have these requirements.Ĭan you play Slither.io with your friends? The speed of your ISS is important because you can die in the case of any lag. The only two things you need to play Slither.io are a regular computer and a proper internet connection. When you play this amazing game, you will be noticing that even the tiniest snake has the possibility to eliminate the bigger ones. Slither.io is an online io game that you can be part of a fatal rivalry between the other players. You literally rule the entire map by yourself. In those games, you feel an awesome rivalry feeling among the other players. On the internet, there are great online io games. : An Online War of All the Snakes Against All Snakes Open Settings on your iPhone and navigate to the Screen Time option.Steps to remove Content Restrictions from the Web Content section in Screen Time Settings on iPhone or iPad. Open Safari browser on your iPhone > Tap the Tabs button at the bottom right corner > Now, tap the “ X Tabs” or “ Start Page” button at the bottom > In the Tab Groups list, tap Private to switch to the Private Browsing Mode > Here, tap the + icon (Plus) to add tabs and use the Private Browsing Mode. While most of you might know how to use it, some new users might not be aware of the steps to navigate to the Private Browsing Mode. Follow these steps to use the Private Mode in Safari. So, before we get into the fixes, let me run you through the steps to use the Private Browsing Mode in Safari. Some users aren’t aware of the steps to navigate to the Private Browsing Mode in Safari and think that the feature isn’t available or not working. ➡️ Get Opera How to Use Private Browsing in Safari on iPhone or iPad Opera is our favorite choice because when you’re done browsing in Private mode, it removes all cookies and history, making it impossible to reopen closed tabs so your information is kept safe. If you’re struggling with your Safari Private Browsing, you should try a better browser alternative that also has a Private mode. If you’re among them, here’s how to fix the Private Browsing mode not working in Safari on your iPhone or iPad. Some people have reported issues where they can’t access the Private Browsing Mode as the button is grayed out or it is not working at all. Many people use Private Browsing Mode as they are concerned about their privacy. Especially since it lets you browse the internet without saving any history, syncing any browsing details with other devices, and doesn’t even try to save AutoFill information. Private Browsing not working in Safari on your iPhone or iPad can be a real pain. My tests revealed that using a bread and pizza stone for breads really does make a difference, and depending on the recipe, that difference may be more or less stark. The takeaway: Baking bread on a pizza stone has a noticeable impact A blonde, soft pizza is better than no pizza, but if you want a crisp, crunchy crust, the stone is the way to go. Meanwhile, the aluminum baking sheet offered a more unevenly browned pizza with less color and a less crispy texture. And, like with the pitas, the pizza cooks more quickly than a hearth loaf, so it needs an immediate blast of heat so the crust gets crispy and crunchy before the toppings burn. Once again, I found that the even, intense heat from the stone caused consistent browning all over. Our Light and Crispy Pizza is meant to have a crisp, crunchy crust, and here the stone definitely delivered. Photography by Rick Holbrook food styling by Kaitlin Wayneīaking on stone yielded a darker, more evenly browned pizza crust (right). Unfortunately, aluminum heats inconsistently and can cause both uneven baking and browning on baked goods. These qualities cause baked goods to cook and brown more evenly.īy comparison, aluminum is a conductor, meaning it’s great at passing heat through itself and into your dough and heats and cools down relatively quickly. Stone is also slow to cool down, so it can radiate heat consistently for a long time. A food-safe mineral compound, cordierite is essentially stone, and stone benefits baking by absorbing and holding on to heat, which it then transfers to your bread (or pizza) while baking. To test the impact of baking bread on a pizza stone, I made several loaves (as well as both pitas and pizza) side-by-side: one on an aluminum baking sheet set directly on the oven rack and the other directly on a preheated King Arthur Bread and Pizza Stone, made of cordierite. Meanwhile, brownies baked in a metal pan will have shorter, softer edges because metal conducts heat more efficiently. Glass takes longer to heat up, so if you bake brownies in a glass pan the edges may overbake by the time the center cooks through. That’s because different materials transfer heat from the oven to your baked goods in different ways. The type of vessel you bake in, or on, will have an impact on your results. Does baking bread or pizza on a stone really make a difference in the finished product? We did the testing so you don’t have to. Same for cakes baked in glass, metal, and stoneware.īut what about bread? We wondered if there was an optimal way to bake free-form loaves that don’t require bakeware, but rather a specific baking surface: a bread and pizza stone. Wondering if a pie bakes best in a metal, glass, or ceramic pie pan? We’ve got you covered. Other exhibits include a life-size Joey the War Horse puppet, Mary Poppins’ umbrella and Star Wars’ Jabba the Hutt.In the past, we’ve written about the effects of different types of bakeware on your baked goods. There are of course all sorts of more traditional displays including ‘Sound It Out’, a showcase of poems informed by the V&A’s collections by the likes of Children’s Laureate Joseph Coelho and Michael Rosen of We’re Going On A Bear Hunt fame – the latter’s poem is dedicated to the letter X, a nod to an X-Ray of one of the puppets from the Clangers. Co-designed with young people, this is a freely accessible space full of interactive and ‘real life’ experiences: there’s a storytelling stage, den building and a finger skateboard park. However, anyone who has ever been a child is likely to experience a sense of nostalgic wonder here. Having just re-opened its doors following a £13 million glow-up, what was once the Museum of Childhood is now known as the Young V&A is geared towards inspiring creativity and innovation in children aged from infanthood to 14 years old. New West End Company BRANDPOST | PAID CONTENT. Having asthma as a child she was inspired by her own pediatrician to provide that same level of dedicated care to children one day as a pediatrician herself! Her special interests include preventative care, asthma, and supporting military families. She served ten years in the United States Navy, most recently completing a tour at Naval Hospital Pensacola where she served as the Chief of the Medical Staff for two years. Delacruz is a board certified pediatrician and a fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics. She also has a Master’s Degree in Public Health. Cordovaĭoctor Andrea Delacruz earned her medical degree from Nova Southeastern University and completed her residency at Naval Medical Center Portsmouth in Portsmouth, VA. We love the smiles she brings to our faces as she dances her way through our office hallways. If she’s not running a 5K or doing Pilates with some pals, you may find her out dancing and just enjoying life. She loves the positive impact she can make when a teen can trust and talk to her. She really takes the time to get to know her patients and their families and likes to help them navigate life’s ever-changing challenges. Now she can’t imagine being anything other than a pediatrician. Within the first week of her pediatric rotation, Dr. Andrews is fabulous! Our family has been seeing her for over 20 years and don't know what we'd do without her!” She is a fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics and a board-certified pediatrician who is specially trained in developmental disabilities. Louis University Cardinal Glennon Children’s Hospital. Carol Andrews earned her doctorate degree from the University of South Alabama College of Medicine and completed her residency at St. And so the World Cup sledging begins! Aussie cricketer David Warner leads jibes at Lionesses ahead of England's semi-final playoff against the Matildas - as the country's press relish in the idea of 'triple heartache for the Poms'.How a 10-year-old Alessia Russo would 'run rings' around her teenage cousin and 'all the other boys' in her family on their trips to Italy - before rising to become Lionesses' golden girl. Good news for the Lionesses? Australia star-player Sam Kerr is spotted wearing ice pack on her calf ahead of tomorrow's Women's World Cup semi-final against England.Two former Royal Marines fight off gun-wielding pirates using paddles - with one of the Brits shot twice in the brawl - while travelling along the Amazon River.Kids trump fame! Helen Skelton quits her R5Live show and Sophie Winkleman turns down US jobs to be closer to her daughters – but they’re not the first showbiz mums to press pause on their careers.Helen Skelton's decision to quit BBC will 'open doors and drive her to success': PR experts say presenter's 'girl next door image' will win her new advertising deals and TV roles - and she could be tempted back to Beeb with 'lucrative' pay offer.Revealed: Helen Skelton's acrimonious split from husband Richie Myler forced her to quit her Radio 5 Live show.PICTURED: Kansas restaurant owner who sparked police raid on local paper that shocked 98-year-old co-owner so much she died.Bye bye birdie! Elon Musk sells off even more Twitter collectibles as part of a rebranding auction, including famous blue bird logo, coffee machines, guitars, and a complete sofa set all with bids starting at $25.Cancer targets are being MERGED not scrapped, claims Tory health minister who believes it is the 'right thing to do' - and praises Labour-run NHS in Wales for leading the way five years ago.Interest-only mortgage timebomb eases as homeowners switch away - but many of those who remain worry they won't be able to pay them off.We also fell victim to Ryanair's check-in policy - and were forced to pay €60 to print out two pieces of paper or miss our flight home.Warning over social media challenge that saw teenagers overdosing on paracetamol to see who could stay in hospital the longest - as police chief calls for parents of 'TikTok yobs' to be fined over 'morally abhorrent' behaviour.'Beautiful' girl, 10, found dead in her Surrey home was alone when police arrived as international manhunt continues for three prime suspects - while her heartbroken mother says she plans to bury her daughter in Poland.Le hangover! Two US tourists are found asleep near the top of the Eiffel Tower after getting stuck inside Paris landmark overnight 'because of how drunk they were'.Six former Met Police officers are charged with sending 'grossly offensive' racist messages in WhatsApp group.BBC Radio 5 Live presenter Stephen Nolan 'sent sexually explicit images of shamed Stephen Bear to work colleagues and threatened to send more if reality star wasn't booked for his TV show Nolan Live'. Ex Hong Kong governor Lord Patten's son-in-law, 51, is facing jail for acting as getaway driver after shooting at west London Indian restaurant in plot hatched by his half-brother.
"About this title" may belong to another edition of this title. Write every day!Įxcerpted from Something to Declare Copyright (c) 1998 Julia Alvarez. The function of freedom is to free someone else. One must write a poem the way one rules an empire, the way one cooks a small fish. It should be precise about the thing and reticent about the feeling. Poetry presents the thing in order to convey the feeling. If you do not bring forth what is inside you, what is inside you will destroy you. In twenty-four personal essays, Julia Alvarez, a poet and novelist, recounts her transplantation from the Dominican Republic to the United States and. If you bring forth what is inside you, what you bring forth will save you. ANGELS APPEARING TO SHEPERDS TENDING THEIR FLOCKS BY NIGHT The obligation of the artist is not to solve the problem but to state the problem correctly. In the beginner's mind there are many possibilities. "synopsis" may belong to another edition of this title. From the valentine to mythic storyteller Scheherazade that is "First Muse," to a description of Alvarez's itinerant life as a struggling poet, teacher, and writer in "Have Typewriter, Will Travel," to the sage and witty advice of "Ten of My Writing Commandments," Alvarez generously shares her influences and inspirations with aspiring writers everywhere. Part Two-"Declarations"-celebrates Alvarez's enduring passion for the writing life. Here Julia begins a love affair with the English language under the tutelage of the aptly named Sister Maria Generosa. In the first section, "Customs," Alvarez relates how she and her family fled the Dominican Republic and its oppressive dictator, Rafael Trujillo, settling in New York City in the 1960s. The rich and revealing essays in Something to Declare offer Julia Alvarez's dual meditations on coming to America and becoming a writer. "Reading Julia Alvarez's new collection of essays is like curling up with a glass of wine in one hand and the phone in the other, listening to a big-hearted, wisecracking friend share hard-earned wisdom about family, identity, and the art of writing." - People If there is no braking force on rear wheel then no braking is transferred to the front. The cable comes out the back so sliding forward pulls on the front brake cable. As the Slidepad slides forward it simply pulls on the front brake cable. The force of the rear wheel on the brake pad is used to actuate the front brake. The Slidepad is the actuator (lever) for the front brake. A conventional rear V brake other than a Slidepad on one side. The one lever does not directly actuate the front brake. The idea is to stop out the front crashes. Unlike split levers, they don't have the drawback that they're dividing one hand's braking force between two different brakes, since they're making use of otherwise-wasted energy to actuate the front brake. In other words, the system eliminates one of the key safety features of other bikes with two brakes: redundancy in case of mechanical issues, especially in emergency braking situations where cable systems in particular are stressed the most.Ī theoretical advantage of this kind of system is for one-handed users, especially if the one braking hand available has compromised strength. Compounding the issue is that the front brake has its own adjuster, but using it properly is a little more complex than normal (see their videos for more explanation.)Īnother way of looking at how it works and the effect on power is that you've got a normal rear brake you can set up and use however you want, and for your front brake someone put an arbitrarily sized block of material between the lever and the bar so the lever will always bottom out against it at a certain point in its travel.Īny loss of grip between the rear pads and rim, or any mechanical failure of the rear brake, will keep the front brake from operating, rendering the bike brakeless. For a rider that simply will never use their barrel adjusters, SureStop is much more dangerous. Their marketing/product material touts the line that they're a pure, unequivocal upgrade over conventional systems, which is not correct because they reduce the overall amount of braking power available.Īnother safety drawback, especially for novice or fearful users that might be most drawn to the system, is that not adjusting the rear brake's barrel adjuster as the rear pads wear will create a situation where the entire bike has inadequate or no brakes much faster than in a conventional two-lever setup. They are adequately powerful for most purposes when set up correctly. Maximum braking power is decreased compared to a normal system owing to the aforementioned one-size-fits-all design assumptions, which have to be conservative for the system to do its thing, which in the scheme of things probably makes them less safe for most people, not more. Movement between the two generates the cable movement, same as a brake lever.) Some assumptions are built-in about weight distribution and total weight on the bike, and the manufacturer chose a distance for the slidey bit that will keep the front brake from ever being able to lock if those assumptions are correct. (The head of the cable is in the moving pad, and the stop for its housing is a stationary part of the pad. One of the rear pads has a spring-loaded sliding mechanism where forward momentum captured from the back wheel when braking causes it to slide forward and actuate a cable going to the front brake, which is controlled only in this manner. You've got a brake lever and a rear brake both with typical mechanical advantage characteristics. Because the front and rear brakes are linked in SureStop, it's unclear to me how they are "separate." How do they do this? It appears to be more complex than a dual-cable brake lever - i.e., there seems to be some fore-aft balancing magic that's going on.īonus question: If the rear pad loses traction against the wheel (for example: it wears down to its nubbins, slips off the rim, or the rear brake cable breaks), does the user lose all braking - front and rear? Does this then violate the redundant brake regulation in bicycle consumer sales laws?įor example, Japan's JIS 9301:2010 regulations requires "separate braking systems operating on the front and rear wheels respectively" and SureStop says that they are compliant with this standard. They say their technology can prevent end-overs as well as skid-outs. They seem to be mainly appealing to the safety / children / new bike owner's market. There's a new braking system put out by a company named SureStop that controls both front and rear cantilever (side-pull) brake systems with a single brake lever. |
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